Expository articles
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Found total 227 results. Displaying results from 81 to 100.
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81
Principles of Induction and Well-ordering
Equivalence of the principles of induction and well-ordering is proved. Includes problems on induction for practice.
Keywords :
B.Sc
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(Downloaded 1126 times last on 22 August 2026, 08:36 pm
(Downloaded 1126 times last on 22 August 2026, 08:36 pm
82
Integers and Polynomials
The aim of this article is to bring to the attention of
undergraduate students of mathematics the striking similarity
between the set of integers and the set of polynomials, say, over
$Q$, $R$ or $C$.
Keywords :
B.Sc
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(Downloaded 2346 times last on 22 August 2026, 09:42 pm
(Downloaded 2346 times last on 22 August 2026, 09:42 pm
83
Lebesgue Integral without Measure Theory
Construction of Lebesgue integral without measure theory.This article gives a very brief account of the theory of Lebesgue integral which avoids a lengthy treatment of measure theory. The omitted proofs are either standard or easy. This article Follows closely Van Daele and Riesz-Nagy' treatise on Functional Analysis.
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M.Sc./Ph.D
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(Downloaded 1772 times last on 19 August 2026, 10:30 am
(Downloaded 1772 times last on 19 August 2026, 10:30 am
84
Similarity of Matrices via Module Theory
Structure theorem for finitely generated $F[x]$-modules and canonical forms. The aim of this article is to give an introduction to the
structure theorem of finitely generated modules over a PID
confining ourselves only to $F[X]$-modules. The treatment
acquaints the reader with all basic results such as invariant
factor theorem, elementary divisor theorem, rational and Jordan
canonical forms.
Keywords :
M.Sc.
MTTS Level :
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(Downloaded 1165 times last on 19 August 2026, 11:18 am
(Downloaded 1165 times last on 19 August 2026, 11:18 am
85
Isometries of R n
I first review some basic facts on isometries of $R^n$ and $R^2$
and then end up with the study of isometries of $R^3$.
Keywords :
B.Sc
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(Downloaded 2312 times last on 12 August 2026, 07:17 am
(Downloaded 2312 times last on 12 August 2026, 07:17 am
86
Isometries of R n and Sylvester Criterion for Positive Definite Matrices
This article deals with two topics: one is the isometries of $R^3$ and the other is the criterion for a symmetric matrix to be positive definite. I first review some basic facts on isometries of $R^n$ and $R^2$ and then end up with the study of isometries of $R^3$.
Keywords :
B.Sc
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(Downloaded 1162 times last on 19 August 2026, 10:09 pm
(Downloaded 1162 times last on 19 August 2026, 10:09 pm
87
Jordan Canonical Form
Simpler treatment of JCF
Keywords :
M.Sc.
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(Downloaded 1514 times last on 16 August 2026, 12:05 pm
(Downloaded 1514 times last on 16 August 2026, 12:05 pm
88
Jordan Canonical Form
Gives four different proofs of JCF
Keywords :
M.Sc.
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(Downloaded 2667 times last on 21 August 2026, 11:25 pm
(Downloaded 2667 times last on 21 August 2026, 11:25 pm
89
Jordan Curve Theorem
The aim of this article is to prove that if $Gamma$ is a subset of $R^2$ that is homeomorphic to $S^1$, then $R^2setminus Gamma$ has two connected components. The proof uses some basic results in homotopy theory and covering spaces. It has a strong analytic flavour.
Keywords :
M.Sc./Ph.D
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(Downloaded 882 times last on 19 August 2026, 11:03 pm
(Downloaded 882 times last on 19 August 2026, 11:03 pm
90
A Dignostic Test in Logical Thinking/Writing
Gives a sample test which tests the logical reasoning of students in a familiar context. This is an eye-opener for many students (who score high)!
Keywords :
B.Sc onwards
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(Downloaded 1077 times last on 18 August 2026, 12:20 am
(Downloaded 1077 times last on 18 August 2026, 12:20 am
91
Banach Mapping Theorem
We prove Knaster fixed point theorem and Banach mapping theorem. As a corollary, we obtain simple proof of Schroeder-Bernstein theorem;
Keywords :
B.Sc
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(Downloaded 770 times last on 03 August 2026, 06:50 pm
(Downloaded 770 times last on 03 August 2026, 06:50 pm
92
Convex Functions on R and Inequalities
A near complete treatment of convex functions with applications to inequalities theorems. A msu read for any budding analyst.
Keywords :
Final year B.Sc, M.Sc
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(Downloaded 3783 times last on 23 August 2026, 05:20 am
(Downloaded 3783 times last on 23 August 2026, 05:20 am
93
A Lemma from Linear Algebra – Lagrange Mutipliers
Statement and proof of a lemma from Linear Algebra required to deal with vector constraints in the theory of constrained exterma.
Keywords :
B.Sc./M.Sc
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(Downloaded 915 times last on 04 August 2026, 07:50 am
(Downloaded 915 times last on 04 August 2026, 07:50 am
94
The Method of Lagrange Multipliers — A Geometric Treatment
Geometric meaning and Proof of Lagrange Multiplier Theorem. Applications to diagonalization of symmetric matrices and Hadamard's inequality.
Keywords :
M.Sc.
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(Downloaded 1113 times last on 20 August 2026, 11:46 am
(Downloaded 1113 times last on 20 August 2026, 11:46 am
95
Computation of Real Integrals using the Residue Theorem
Computation of Real Integrals using the residue calculus
Keywords :
also applications to Laplace and Fourier transforms
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(Downloaded 1979 times last on 21 August 2026, 05:40 pm
(Downloaded 1979 times last on 21 August 2026, 05:40 pm
96
Lebesgue Covering Lemma
Gives 3 proofs
Keywords :
also establishes equivalence of Lebesgue number property and unifrom continuity of any continuous function.
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(Downloaded 4318 times last on 22 August 2026, 05:52 pm
(Downloaded 4318 times last on 22 August 2026, 05:52 pm
97
A Lebesgue Measurable Set which is not Borel
Proves the existence of a Lebesgue measurable set which is not Borel ? uses the cantor function and the existence of a non-measurable set.
Keywords :
M.Sc.
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(Downloaded 1120 times last on 23 August 2026, 02:42 am
(Downloaded 1120 times last on 23 August 2026, 02:42 am
98
How to draw the graphs of functions on R 2 ?
How to draw the graphs of functions from $R^2$ to $R$ using the level sets?
Keywords :
B.Sc
MTTS Level :
MTTS Level :
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(Downloaded 1266 times last on 21 August 2026, 01:36 pm
(Downloaded 1266 times last on 21 August 2026, 01:36 pm
99
Limit Inferior and Limit Superior
A thorough treatment of limsup and liminf. This topic is a source of concern for many students. It culminates in a proof of Cauchy completeness of R.
Keywords :
B.Sc, M.Sc
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MTTS Level :
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(Downloaded 5218 times last on 22 August 2026, 07:50 pm
(Downloaded 5218 times last on 22 August 2026, 07:50 pm
100
Linear ODE: Systems of First Order and n-th Order
Givs all basic results abou a inear systems of ODE. Included some unusual material. See Remark 19.
Keywords :
M.Sc.
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(Downloaded 1494 times last on 19 August 2026, 03:36 am
(Downloaded 1494 times last on 19 August 2026, 03:36 am